{"id":131136,"date":"2023-11-14T16:25:45","date_gmt":"2023-11-14T15:25:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fotc.com\/?p=131136"},"modified":"2023-11-17T15:57:49","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T14:57:49","slug":"nregistrarile-dns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS (A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT)?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>O bun\u0103 \u00een\u021belegere a componentelor fundamentale ale internetului este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru companiile digitale. Un astfel de element critic este sistemul de nume de domeniu (DNS sau Domain Name System). Acesta joac\u0103 un rol esen\u021bial \u00een a face internetul u\u0219or de accesat \u0219i utilizat. \u00cen acest articol, vom aprofunda \u00eempreun\u0103 ce este DNS, ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS \u0219i vom explora de ce este crucial\u0103 cunoa\u0219terea elementelor de baz\u0103 DNS, \u00een special atunci c\u00e2nd utiliza\u021bi serviciile Google Cloud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-ce-nseamn-dns-n-contextul-domeniilor-web\">Ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 DNS \u00een contextul domeniilor web?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>DNS este prescurtarea expresiei Domain Name System, un sistem ierarhic \u0219i descentralizat de denumire pentru computere, servicii sau alte resurse conectate la Internet sau la o re\u021bea privat\u0103.&nbsp; Mai exact, asociaz\u0103 diverse informa\u021bii cu numele de domenii atribuite fiec\u0103reia dintre entit\u0103\u021bile participante \u00een opera\u021biune. Cel mai adesea \u00eens\u0103, DNS traduce <a href=\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/domeniu-web-afaceri\/\" class=\"ek-link\">nume de domenii<\/a> \u00een adrese IP numerice, necesare pentru localizarea \u0219i identificarea serviciilor \u0219i dispozitivelor computerizate cu protocoalele de re\u021bea aflate ierarhic sub acestea.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cel mai bine vom exemplifica cu un exemplu. S\u0103 ne imagin\u0103m c\u0103 tasta\u021bi \u00een bara URL adresa \u201dfotc.com\/ro\u201d. \u00cenregistr\u0103rile DNS convertesc numele nostru de domeniu \u00een adresa IP a serverului pentru a v\u0103 afi\u0219a con\u021binutul website-ului nostru.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DNS este un sistem complex, dar exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva concepte de baz\u0103 pe care toat\u0103 lumea ar trebui s\u0103 le \u00een\u021beleag\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Nume de domenii:<\/strong> Acestea sunt \u00eens\u0103\u0219i adresele site-urilor web \u0219i ale altor resurse online. De exemplu, numele de domeniu al site-ului FOTC Rom\u00e2nia este fotc.com\/ro.<\/li><li><strong>Adrese IP:<\/strong> Sunt adresele numerice ale computerelor \u0219i altor dispozitive conectate online la Internet.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Servere DNS:<\/strong> Sunt computere care traduc numele de domenii \u00een adrese IP.<\/li><li><strong>Rezolu\u021bia DNS:<\/strong> rezolu\u021bia DNS este procesul de traducere a unui nume de domeniu \u00eentr-o adres\u0103 IP.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Ce este un server DNS?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Un server DNS este un computer care stocheaz\u0103 \u0219i ofer\u0103 informa\u021bii despre numele domeniilor \u0219i adresele lor IP. Atunci c\u00e2nd introduce\u021bi un nume de domeniu \u00een browserul web, computerul dvs. trimite o solicitare c\u0103tre un server DNS. Acesta apoi g\u0103se\u0219te adresa IP a site-ului \u00een baza sa de date \u0219i o returneaz\u0103 c\u0103tre dvs. Acest proces se nume\u0219te, de altfel, rezolu\u021bie DNS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 DNS?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd introduce\u021bi un nume de domeniu \u00een browser-ul web, ini\u021bia\u021bi urm\u0103torii pa\u0219i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Computerul dvs. trimite o interogare DNS c\u0103tre un server DNS.<\/li><li>Serverul DNS caut\u0103 adresa IP pentru numele de domeniu pe care \u00eel c\u0103uta\u021bi.<\/li><li>a) Dac\u0103 serverul DNS g\u0103se\u0219te adresa IP, acesta o va returna pe computer.<\/li><li>b) Dac\u0103 serverul DNS nu g\u0103se\u0219te adresa IP, va trimite o interogare c\u0103tre alt server DNS. Acest proces va continua p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd un server DNS g\u0103se\u0219te adresa IP sau p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd toate serverele DNS au fost interogate.<\/li><li>Odat\u0103 ce computerul dvs. are adresa IP a numelui de domeniu pe care l-a\u021bi solicitat, se poate conecta la site-ul web respectiv.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>Care sunt tipurile de \u00eenregistr\u0103ri \u00eentr-un server DNS?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cenregistr\u0103rile DNS sunt datele care sunt stocate pe serverele DNS. Exist\u0103 numeroase tipuri de \u00eenregistr\u0103ri DNS, dar cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite sunt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>\u00cenregistr\u0103ri A:<\/strong> Acestea conecteaz\u0103 un domeniu de adresa IP fizic\u0103 a unui computer care g\u0103zduie\u0219te serviciile domeniului respectiv.<\/li><li><strong>\u00cenregistr\u0103ri AAAA<\/strong>: Acest tip de \u00eenregistr\u0103ri este similar cu precedentul, \u00eens\u0103 permite conectarea unui domeniu c\u0103tre o adres\u0103 IPv6 \u00een loc de o adres\u0103 IPv4.<\/li><li><strong>\u00cenregistr\u0103ri MX (Mail Exchange):<\/strong> Acestea direc\u021bioneaz\u0103 e-mailul unui domeniu c\u0103tre serverele care g\u0103zduiesc conturile de utilizator de pe respectivul domeniu.<\/li><li><strong>\u00cenregistr\u0103ri TXT: <\/strong>Pot fi folosite pentru a stoca orice tip de informa\u021bii sub form\u0103 de text, precum coduri de verificare sau \u00eenregistr\u0103ri SPF. Cu serviciile Google Cloud, \u00eenregistr\u0103rile TXT sunt folosite pentru a verifica dreptu de proprietate asupra domeniului \u0219i pentru a implementa m\u0103suri de securitate precum SPF, DKIM \u0219i DMARC.<\/li><li><strong>\u00cenregistr\u0103ri CNAME: <\/strong>Acestea direc\u021bioneaz\u0103 un nume alias de domeniu c\u0103tre un alt nume de domeniu. Folosind servicii Google, pute\u021bi conecta cu CNAME o adres\u0103 cu un site Google.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O bun\u0103 \u00een\u021belegere a componentelor fundamentale ale internetului este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru companiile digitale. Un astfel de element critic este sistemul de nume de domeniu (DNS sau Domain Name System). Acesta joac\u0103 un rol esen\u021bial \u00een a face internetul u\u0219or de accesat \u0219i utilizat. \u00cen acest articol, vom aprofunda \u00eempreun\u0103 ce este DNS, ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":131139,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":2,"_editorskit_typography_data":[],"_editorskit_blocks_typography":"","_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}"},"categories":[278,565],"tags":[1088,1089],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v16.7 (Yoast SEO v19.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS \u0219i care sunt cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite? | FOTC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS \u0219i care sunt cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite? | FOTC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"O bun\u0103 \u00een\u021belegere a componentelor fundamentale ale internetului este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru companiile digitale. Un astfel de element critic este sistemul de nume de domeniu (DNS sau Domain Name System). Acesta joac\u0103 un rol esen\u021bial \u00een a face internetul u\u0219or de accesat \u0219i utilizat. \u00cen acest articol, vom aprofunda \u00eempreun\u0103 ce este DNS, ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FOTC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-14T15:25:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-17T14:57:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/app\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BLOG_GW_RO-3-3.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Laura Paraschiv\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS \u0219i care sunt cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite? | FOTC\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/\",\"name\":\"Ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS \u0219i care sunt cele mai \u00eent\u00e2lnite? | FOTC\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-14T15:25:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-17T14:57:49+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/#\/schema\/person\/e3a6b214e5a3311a79985b4c3dd137fd\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/nregistrarile-dns\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"RO\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Google Workspace\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/ro\/blog\/category\/google-workspace-ro\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Ce sunt \u00eenregistr\u0103rile DNS (A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT)?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/\",\"name\":\"FOTC\",\"description\":\"Partner Google Cloud\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/#\/schema\/person\/e3a6b214e5a3311a79985b4c3dd137fd\",\"name\":\"Laura Paraschiv\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fotc.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cba586d4f1373c8f4c7a30c466e1a6a0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cba586d4f1373c8f4c7a30c466e1a6a0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Laura Paraschiv\"},\"description\":\"Laura Paraschiv are peste 5 ani de activitate ca jurnalist \u0219i al\u021bi 5 ani experien\u021b\u0103 de content writer \u0219i marketer. 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